采用 SwiftUI Core Graphics 技术，与 C#的 GDI+绘图类似，具体概念不多说，毕竟我也是新手，本文主要展示效果图及代码，本文示例代码需要请拉到文末自取。
1、图片缩放
- 完全填充,变形压缩
- 将图像居中缩放截取
- 等比缩放
上面三个效果，放一起比较好对比，如下
- 第 1 张为原图
- 第 2 张为完全填充,变形压缩
- 第 3 张为图像居中缩放截取
- 第 4 张为等比缩放
示例中缩放前后的图片可导出
2、图片拼图
顾名思义，将多张图片组合成一张图，以下为多张美图原图：
选择后，界面中预览：
导出拼图查看效果：
3、图片操作方法
最后上图片缩放、拼图代码：
import SwiftUI
struct ImageHelper {
static let shared = ImageHelper()
private init() {}
// NSView 转 NSImage
func imageFromView(cview: NSView) -> NSImage? {
// 从view、data、CGImage获取BitmapImageRep
// NSBitmapImageRep *bitmap = [NSBitmapImageRep imageRepWithData:data];
// NSBitmapImageRep *bitmap = [[[NSBitmapImageRep alloc] initWithCGImage:CGImage];
guard let bitmap: NSBitmapImageRep = cview.bitmapImageRepForCachingDisplay(in: cview.visibleRect) else { return nil }
cview.cacheDisplay(in: cview.visibleRect, to: bitmap)
let image: NSImage = NSImage(size: cview.frame.size)
image.addRepresentation(bitmap)
return image;
}
// 保存图片到本地
func saveImage(image: NSImage, fileName: String) -> Bool {
guard var imageData = image.tiffRepresentation,
let imageRep = NSBitmapImageRep(data: imageData) else { return false }
// [imageRep setSize:size]; // 只是打开图片时的初始大小，对图片本省没有影响
// jpg
if(fileName.hasSuffix("jpg")) {
let quality:NSNumber = 0.85 // 压缩率
imageData = imageRep.representation(using: .jpeg, properties:[.compressionFactor:quality])!
} else {
// png
imageData = imageRep.representation(using: .png, properties:[:])!
}
do {
// 写文件 保存到本地需要关闭沙盒 ---- 保存的文件路径一定要是绝对路径，相对路径不行
try imageData.write(to: URL(fileURLWithPath: fileName), options: .atomic)
return true
} catch {
return false
}
}
// 将图片按照比例压缩
// rate 压缩比0.1～1.0之间
func compressedImageDataWithImg(image: NSImage, rate: CGFloat) -> NSData? {
guard let imageData = image.tiffRepresentation,
let imageRep = NSBitmapImageRep(data: imageData) else { return nil }
guard let data: Data = imageRep.representation(using: .jpeg, properties:[.compressionFactor:rate]) else { return nil }
return data as NSData;
}
// 完全填充,变形压缩
func resizeImage(sourceImage: NSImage, forSize size: NSSize) -> NSImage {
let targetFrame: NSRect = NSMakeRect(0, 0, size.width, size.height);
let sourceImageRep: NSImageRep = sourceImage.bestRepresentation(for: targetFrame, context: nil, hints: nil)!
let targetImage: NSImage = NSImage(size: size)
targetImage.lockFocus()
sourceImageRep.draw(in: targetFrame)
targetImage.unlockFocus()
return targetImage;
}
// 将图像居中缩放截取targetsize
func resizeImage1(sourceImage: NSImage, forSize targetSize: CGSize) -> NSImage {
let imageSize: CGSize = sourceImage.size
let width: CGFloat = imageSize.width
let height: CGFloat = imageSize.height
let targetWidth: CGFloat = targetSize.width
let targetHeight: CGFloat = targetSize.height
var scaleFactor: CGFloat = 0.0
let widthFactor: CGFloat = targetWidth / width
let heightFactor: CGFloat = targetHeight / height
scaleFactor = (widthFactor > heightFactor) ? widthFactor : heightFactor
// 需要读取的源图像的高度或宽度
let readHeight: CGFloat = targetHeight / scaleFactor
let readWidth: CGFloat = targetWidth / scaleFactor
let readPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: widthFactor > heightFactor ? 0 : (width - readWidth) * 0.5,
y: widthFactor < heightFactor ? 0 : (height - readHeight) * 0.5)
let newImage: NSImage = NSImage(size: targetSize)
let thumbnailRect: CGRect = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: targetSize.width, height: targetSize.height)
let imageRect: NSRect = NSRect(x: readPoint.x, y: readPoint.y, width: readWidth, height: readHeight)
newImage.lockFocus()
sourceImage.draw(in: thumbnailRect, from: imageRect, operation: .copy, fraction: 1.0)
newImage.unlockFocus()
return newImage;
}
// 等比缩放
func resizeImage2(sourceImage: NSImage, forSize targetSize: CGSize) -> NSImage {
let imageSize: CGSize = sourceImage.size
let width: CGFloat = imageSize.width
let height: CGFloat = imageSize.height
let targetWidth: CGFloat = targetSize.width
let targetHeight: CGFloat = targetSize.height
var scaleFactor: CGFloat = 0.0
var scaledWidth: CGFloat = targetWidth
var scaledHeight: CGFloat = targetHeight
var thumbnailPoint: CGPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.0)
if __CGSizeEqualToSize(imageSize, targetSize) == false {
let widthFactor: CGFloat = targetWidth / width
let heightFactor: CGFloat = targetHeight / height
// scale to fit the longer
scaleFactor = (widthFactor > heightFactor) ? widthFactor : heightFactor
scaledWidth = ceil(width * scaleFactor)
scaledHeight = ceil(height * scaleFactor)
// center the image
if (widthFactor > heightFactor) {
thumbnailPoint.y = (targetHeight - scaledHeight) * 0.5
} else if (widthFactor < heightFactor) {
thumbnailPoint.x = (targetWidth - scaledWidth) * 0.5
}
}
let newImage: NSImage = NSImage(size: NSSize(width: scaledWidth, height: scaledHeight))
let thumbnailRect: CGRect = CGRect(x: thumbnailPoint.x, y: thumbnailPoint.y, width: scaledWidth, height: scaledHeight)
let imageRect: NSRect = NSRect(x: 0.0, y:0.0, width: width, height: height)
newImage.lockFocus()
sourceImage.draw(in: thumbnailRect, from: imageRect, operation: .copy, fraction: 1.0)
newImage.unlockFocus()
return newImage;
}
// 将图片压缩到指定大小（KB）
func compressImgData(imgData: NSData, toAimKB aimKB: NSInteger) -> NSData? {
let aimRate: CGFloat = CGFloat(aimKB * 1000) / CGFloat(imgData.length)
let imageRep: NSBitmapImageRep = NSBitmapImageRep(data: imgData as Data)!
guard let data: Data = imageRep.representation(using: .jpeg, properties:[.compressionFactor:aimRate]) else { return nil }
print("数据最终大小：\(CGFloat(data.count) / 1000)， 压缩比率：\(CGFloat(data.count) / CGFloat(imgData.length))")
return data as NSData
}
// 组合图片
func jointedImageWithImages(imgArray: [NSImage]) -> NSImage {
var imgW: CGFloat = 0
var imgH: CGFloat = 0
for img in imgArray {
imgW += img.size.width;
if (imgH < img.size.height) {
imgH = img.size.height;
}
}
print("size : \(NSStringFromSize(NSSize(width: imgW, height: imgH)))")
let togetherImg: NSImage = NSImage(size: NSSize(width: imgW, height: imgH))
togetherImg.lockFocus()
let imgContext: CGContext? = NSGraphicsContext.current?.cgContext
var imgX: CGFloat = 0
for imgItem in imgArray {
if let img = imgItem as? NSImage {
let imageRef: CGImage = self.getCGImageRefFromNSImage(image: img)!
imgContext?.draw(imageRef, in: NSRect(x: imgX, y: 0, width: img.size.width, height: img.size.height))
imgX += img.size.width;
}
}
togetherImg.unlockFocus()
return togetherImg;
}
// NSImage转CGImageRef
func getCGImageRefFromNSImage(image: NSImage) -> CGImage? {
let imageData: NSData? = image.tiffRepresentation as NSData?
var imageRef: CGImage? = nil
if(imageData != nil) {
let imageSource: CGImageSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithData(imageData! as CFData, nil)!
imageRef = CGImageSourceCreateImageAtIndex(imageSource, 0, nil)
}
return imageRef;
}
// CGImage 转 NSImage
func getNSImageWithCGImageRef(imageRef: CGImage) -> NSImage? {
return NSImage(cgImage: imageRef, size: NSSize(width: imageRef.width, height: imageRef.height))
// var imageRect: NSRect = NSRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 0, height: 0)
//
// var imageContext: CGContext? = nil
// var newImage: NSImage? = nil
//
// imageRect.size.height = CGFloat(imageRef.height)
// imageRect.size.width = CGFloat(imageRef.width)
//
// // Create a new image to receive the Quartz image data.
// newImage = NSImage(size: imageRect.size)
//
// newImage?.lockFocus()
// // Get the Quartz context and draw.
// imageContext = NSGraphicsContext.current?.cgContext
// imageContext?.draw(imageRef, in: imageRect)
// newImage?.unlockFocus()
//
// return newImage;
}
// NSImage转CIImage
func getCIImageWithNSImage(image: NSImage) -> CIImage?{
// convert NSImage to bitmap
guard let imageData = image.tiffRepresentation,
let imageRep = NSBitmapImageRep(data: imageData) else { return nil }
// create CIImage from imageRep
let ciImage: CIImage = CIImage(bitmapImageRep: imageRep)!
// create affine transform to flip CIImage
let affineTransform: NSAffineTransform = NSAffineTransform()
affineTransform.translateX(by: 0, yBy: 128)
affineTransform.scaleX(by: 1, yBy: -1)
// create CIFilter with embedded affine transform
let transform:CIFilter = CIFilter(name: "CIAffineTransform")!
transform.setValue(ciImage, forKey: "inputImage")
transform.setValue(affineTransform, forKey: "inputTransform")
// get the new CIImage, flipped and ready to serve
let result: CIImage? = transform.value(forKey: "outputImage") as? CIImage
return result;
}
}
4、示例代码
界面布局及效果展示代码
import SwiftUI
struct TestImageDemo: View {
@State private var sourceImagePath: String?
@State private var sourceImage: NSImage?
@State private var sourceImageWidth: CGFloat = 0
@State private var sourceImageHeight: CGFloat = 0
@State private var resizeImage: NSImage?
@State private var resizeImageWidth: String = "250"
@State private var resizeImageHeight: String = "250"
@State private var resize1Image: NSImage?
@State private var resize1ImageWidth: String = "250"
@State private var resize1ImageHeight: String = "250"
@State private var resize2Image: NSImage?
@State private var resize2ImageWidth: String = "250"
@State private var resize2ImageHeight: String = "250"
@State private var joinImage: NSImage?
var body: some View {
GeometryReader { reader in
VStack {
HStack {
Button("选择展示图片缩放", action: self.choiceResizeImage)
Button("选择展示图片拼图", action: self.choiceJoinImage)
Spacer()
}
HStack {
VStack {
if let sImage = sourceImage {
Section(header: Text("原图")) {
Image(nsImage: sImage)
.resizable().aspectRatio(contentMode: .fit)
.frame(width: reader.size.width / 2)
Text("\(self.sourceImageWidth)*\(self.sourceImageHeight)")
Button("导出", action: { self.saveImage(image: sImage) })
}
}
if let sImage = self.joinImage {
Section(header: Text("拼图")) {
Image(nsImage: sImage)
.resizable().aspectRatio(contentMode: .fit)
.frame(width: reader.size.width)
Button("导出", action: { self.saveImage(image: sImage) })
}
}
}
VStack {
Section(header: Text("完全填充,变形压缩")) {
VStack {
Section(header: Text("Width：")) {
TextField("Width", text: self.$resizeImageWidth)
}
Section(header: Text("Height：")) {
TextField("Height", text: self.$resizeImageHeight)
}
if let sImage = resizeImage {
Image(nsImage: sImage)
Text("\(self.resizeImageWidth)*\(self.resizeImageHeight)")
Button("导出", action: { self.saveImage(image: sImage) })
}
}
}
}
VStack {
Section(header: Text("将图像居中缩放截取")) {
VStack {
Section(header: Text("Width：")) {
TextField("Width", text: self.$resize1ImageWidth)
}
Section(header: Text("Height：")) {
TextField("Height", text: self.$resize1ImageHeight)
}
if let sImage = resize1Image {
Image(nsImage: sImage)
Text("\(self.resize1ImageWidth)*\(self.resize1ImageHeight)")
Button("导出", action: { self.saveImage(image: sImage) })
}
}
}
}
VStack {
Section(header: Text("等比缩放")) {
VStack {
Section(header: Text("Width：")) {
TextField("Width", text: self.$resize2ImageWidth)
}
Section(header: Text("Height：")) {
TextField("Height", text: self.$resize2ImageHeight)
}
if let sImage = resize2Image {
Image(nsImage: sImage)
Text("\(self.resize2ImageWidth)*\(self.resize2ImageHeight)")
Button("导出", action: { self.saveImage(image: sImage) })
}
}
}
}
Spacer()
}
Spacer()
}
}
}
private func choiceResizeImage() {
let result: (fail: Bool, url: [URL?]?) =
DialogProvider.shared.showOpenFileDialog(title: "", prompt: "", message: "选择图片", directoryURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: ""), allowedFileTypes: ["png", "jpg", "jpeg"])
if result.fail {
return
}
if let urls = result.url,
let url = urls[0] {
self.sourceImagePath = url.path
self.sourceImage = NSImage(contentsOf: URL(fileURLWithPath: self.sourceImagePath!))
self.sourceImageWidth = (self.sourceImage?.size.width)!
self.sourceImageHeight = (self.sourceImage?.size.height)!
if let resizeWidth = Int(self.resizeImageWidth),
let resizeHeight = Int(self.resizeImageHeight) {
self.resizeImage = ImageHelper.shared.resizeImage(sourceImage: self.sourceImage!, forSize: CGSize(width: resizeWidth, height: resizeHeight))
}
if let resize1Width = Int(self.resize1ImageWidth),
let resize1Height = Int(self.resize1ImageHeight) {
self.resize1Image = ImageHelper.shared.resizeImage1(sourceImage: self.sourceImage!, forSize: CGSize(width: resize1Width, height: resize1Height))
}
if let resize2Width = Int(self.resize2ImageWidth),
let resize2Height = Int(self.resize2ImageHeight) {
self.resize2Image = ImageHelper.shared.resizeImage1(sourceImage: self.sourceImage!, forSize: CGSize(width: resize2Width, height: resize2Height))
}
}
}
private func choiceJoinImage() {
let result: (fail: Bool, url: [URL?]?) =
DialogProvider.shared.showOpenFileDialog(title: "", prompt: "", message: "选择图片", directoryURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: ""), allowedFileTypes: ["png", "jpg", "jpeg"], allowsMultipleSelection: true)
if result.fail {
return
}
if let urls = result.url {
var imgs: [NSImage] = []
for url in urls {
if let filePath = url?.path {
imgs.append(NSImage(contentsOf: URL(fileURLWithPath: filePath))!)
}
}
if imgs.count > 0 {
self.joinImage = ImageHelper.shared.jointedImageWithImages(imgArray: imgs)
}
}
}
private func saveImage(image: NSImage) {
let result: (isOpenFail: Bool, url: URL?) =
DialogProvider.shared.showSaveDialog(
title: "选择图片存储路径",
directoryURL: URL(fileURLWithPath: ""),
prompt: "",
message: "",
allowedFileTypes: ["png"]
)
if result.isOpenFail || result.url == nil || result.url!.path.isEmpty {
return
}
let exportImagePath = result.url!.path
_ = ImageHelper.shared.saveImage(image: image, fileName: exportImagePath)
NSWorkspace.shared.activateFileViewerSelecting([URL(fileURLWithPath: exportImagePath)])
}
}
struct TestImageDemo_Previews: PreviewProvider {
static var previews: some View {
TestImageDemo()
}
}
5、结尾
所有代码已贴，并且代码已上传 Github，见下面备注。
本文示例代码：https://github.com/dotnet9/MacTest/blob/main/src/macos_test/macos_test/TestImageDemo.swift
